Characteristics of wood material

Black walnut the wood database lumber identification. The type of wood you choose determines the beauty and strength of the finished piece. In the united states, western larch is the most commercially important member of the larix genus. Wood an introduction to its structure, properties, and uses. Characteristics include random sized tight knots and rays. Trees grow by adding a new layer of wood cells below the bark each growing. While many woodworkers are focused on things like tension, weight, durability, and ease of use, others are much more interested to extract from the wood things like its warmth. In the wood of broadleaved species, the presence of pores is a characteristic macroscopic feature of growth rings.

Although it is not necessary to have an indepth knowl edge of wood anatomy and properties, it is necessary for the engineer to have a general understanding of the properties and characteristics that. The wood database lists superior hardness and good rot resistance as the characteristics that make larch a valuable wood. The wood database reports that larch is an important timber source and its wood is primarily used for construction lumber, plywood and particle board, paper, flooring and gluelaminate beams. Theircell walls are composed of microfibrils of cellulose 40%. Each wood has natural color variations and grain patterns that create a unique look. Lighter painted finishes should be expected to show a slight color change over time. Types of wood wood is incredibly versatile build material, and thousands of variations in its internal structure, species of the tree, and the processing can lead to the different characteristics of the finished products. A new building material known as woodplastic composites s has wpc emerged. Us forest service has a detailed article on incensecedar. Im working my way alphabetically by botanical name, so check out the latest added wood to see where im at in the queue. Physically, wood is strong and stiff but, compared to a material like steel, its also light and flexible. The appearance of woodpolymer composites allowed to connect the most significant advantages of wood and plastic in one material. Fire performance characteristics of wood flameretardant treatments chapter 18.

Identify hardwoods and softwoods according to wood characteristics. Characteristics and availability of commercially important woods. Wood is a very light material, its specific gravity being always less than 1. It has been used for centuries ice noth fuel and as a construction material. This organic material made from natural cellulose fibers is found in their roots. Softwoods typically come from evergeen coniferous trees those that have needles and cones and retain them yearround, also called gymnosperms. It is an organic material a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Painted products which are applicable to the face framesaccessories of thermofoil door styles and orders in paint finishes, have certain inherent characteristics that must be expected.

Describe how the properties of construction materials and products affect their. Wood types, characteristics and identification guide wood. It is relatively light in weight, yet has good strength in both tension and compression. It is commonly regarded as the worlds leading wood for finequality furniture, cabinetry, sculpture, carving, interior trim and other applications. A new building material known as wood plastic composites s has wpc emerged.

Wood is a heterogeneous, hygroscopic, cellular and anisotropic material. Natural characteristics wood characteristics qualitycabinets. Most trees are characterized by a typical color and odor. It is easily shaped with tools and fastened with adhesives, nails, screws, bolts, and dowels. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or wood chips or fiber.

Im slowly grinding my way through roughly 800 wood species that have still yet to be listed on the site. That means it is porous and accepts and gives off moisture depending on the environment of its installation. Also, some grain patterns of wood may be apparent through painted finishes. Guide for wood types, characteristics and lumber identification wood is a fibrous and porous structural tissue of wood trees and other wood plans. Wood has been used as a building material for thousands of years, being second only to stone in terms of its rich and storied history in the world of construction. Mechanical properties of wood forest products laboratory. The appearance of wood polymer composites allowed to connect the most significant advantages of wood and plastic in one material. Water occurs in living wood in three locations, namely. Characteristics of paulownia timbers material quality. Orthotropic nature of wood wood may be described as an orthotropic material. It is made of layers of wood glued together with the wood grain at right angles. The teak trees in certain areas of java island are frequently attacked by neotermes tectonae termites. Sep 09, 2018 medium density fiberboard, commonly abbreviated as mdf, is a manmade wooden material used for a variety of building purposes in and outside the home, such as flooring and furniture. The two kinds of wood may differ in density, colour, or other characteristics.

Wood is a fibrous and porous structural tissue of wood trees and other wood plans. Round timbers and ties pdf 396 kb standards and specifications. Characteristics oak is hard, stiff, strong, and shock resistant. Damaged wood is easily repaired, and wood structures are easily remodeled or altered.

Acoustical properties of particleboards made from betung. They are identified more specifically by characteristics such as. It is the basic material in manufacturing glued laminated timber. The major difference between steel and wood is that steel is in organic due to its lack of carbon, and wood is organic comprised of organic material. These supplementary macroscopic characteristics are helpful in describing a piece of wood for identification or other purposes. Wood has always been and continues to be a material of great importance to mankind. Wood handbookchapter 4mechanical properties of wood. A finegrained hardwood similar to cherry, birch, and maple. While the desire to not rely on the worlds forests for building demands is wellintentioned, the advantages of wood as a building material still outweigh other products on the market when looking at the environmental impact and performance. Such an understanding can be gained by a study of the structure, chemical composition, and properties of wood. Wood is an orthotropic material with unique and independent properties in different directions. Choosing a type of wood goes handinhand with choosing a stain or translucent finish.

Characteristics of wood wood is a i41 fibrous tissue found in many plants. Bamboo is a nonwood lignocellulosic material that has received increased attention as an alternative material for woodbased construction and composites. Wood, in the strict sense, is yielded by trees, which increase in diameter by the formation, between. Because wood is anisotropic, natural wooden beams work better as vertical posts where they are in compression than horizontal beams where they are in tension. Larch wood is one of the hardest types of softwoods and is harder than several species of hardwoods. Furniture materials and characteristics material characteristics woods. Colour covers a wide rangeyellow, green, red, brown, black, and nearly pure white woods exist, but most woods are. Its above average in all machining properties except shaping. Jul 17, 2017 mahogany is a much soughtafter wood, based on its hardness, resilience and beauty. Examples include cedar, cypress, fir, pine, spruce, and redwood. Painted mdf is durable and more resistant to warping, expansion and contraction than solid hardwoods. Sensory characteristics include colour, lustre, odour, taste, texture, grain, figure, weight, and hardness of wood. An updated version of this publication, released in 2010, is available at wood handbook, 2010 pdf, 15 mb.

This is not, however, necessarily true of engineered wood products or composite wood products. W md is produced as secondary xylem in the stems of trees. Wood as a building material timber lumber understand. As is indicated in the preceding sections of this article, the total number of products made from wood is enormousas high as 10,000, by some estimates. Wood products are best suited in a relative humidity level of 45%. Compared with other species of wood, paulownia wood takes. It is composed of 2 natural composite of cellulose fibers which are strong in tensio. It is an organic material a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are. Each wood species, within its division, are differentiated by their own distinct properties and characteristics.

Small hairline cracks may appear where wood joints occur in doordrawer fronts. Examples include ash, beech, birch, mahogany, maple, oak, teak, and walnut. Rubberwood is commonly advertised as an environmentally friendly wood, as it makes use of plantation trees that have already served a. Plywood is strong and resists splitting and warping. Mdf medium density fiberboard is an engineered wood product made by breaking down hardwood and softwood into wood fibers and combining with resin. Wood types, characteristics and identification guide. Pressure and heat are then used to create a smooth surface with a consistent core. New mexico environmental resources lesson plan library unit b.

Wood handbook wood as an engineering material information on engineering with wood, properties of wood and designing with wood. As a natural building material, wood emits significantly lower volatile organic compounds vocs and carbon dioxide offgasses than aluminum, steel, concrete and plastics. What are the properties of characteristics of wood answers. Solid wood that is, wood cut into boards from the trunk of the tree makes up most of the wood in a piece of furniture. As a result, wood possesses material properties that may be significantly different from other materials normally encountered in structural design. Its cooperative working characteristics, coupled with its rich brown coloration puts the wood in a class by itself among temperatezone hardwoods. Characteristics and availability of commercially important. Wood can contain pockets of fungus decayed wood referred to as peck. In many cases, acoustic characteristics are recognized as one aspect of the total design criteria in building construction. To cap it off, the wood also has good dimensional stability, shock resistance, and strength. Characteristics of the materials linkedin slideshare. Wood is a traditional building material, as popular today as ever.

Mahogany is a much soughtafter wood, based on its hardness, resilience and beauty. Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. Rubberwood is commonly advertised as an environmentally friendly wood, as it makes use of plantation trees that have already served a useful function. The characteristics of the materials are those that make the materials have different reactions to heat, electricity, light, force if you know these characteristics you can choose their aplications. Wood chemical composition hemicellulose a celluloselike material in the wood cell wall that is easily decomposed by dilute acid to yield simple sugars extractives organic material deposited during heartwood formation gums, resins, oils, alkaloids. Chemical characteristics of teak wood attacked by neotermes tectonae ganis lukmandaru. Learn about the natural characteristics of wood, including growth rings, burl grain, birds eye, knots, bird peck and more. Every material, such as glass, steel, rubber or cotton, will either have characteristics that either allows it to transfer heat or to restrict heat. Such wide application is made possible by the versatility of wood and its many desirable qualities, such as high strength for its weight, workability, and aesthetic appeal. Dec 11, 2019 we say wood is anisotropic, which means a lump of wood has different properties in different directions.

Wpcs are a combination of a thermoplastic matrix and a wood component, the former is usually polyethylene recycled or polypropylene, and the latter a wood processing residual, e. Trees attacked by this species have a tumorlike growth. Solid, plywood, veneer, hardboard, particle board, composite wood, etc. Wood materials used in cabinets and furniture are products of nature and include numerous color hues, grain patterns and other natural characteristics. Wood main physical properties archiline wooden houses. Chapter 6 discusses how these research results have been implemented in engineering standards. Theres a reason why people love cabinets made from cherry. The functional properties of glulam structures are such that wood, as a traditional material, allows for new construction challenges and imposes itself as one of the construction materials of the future. Top 6 properties of wood and timber used in construction.

Many varieties of wood are available, and each has its own properties. Constructions and structures from wpc are convenient in installation, have excellent performance characteristics and have an aesthetically noble appearance inherent in products made from natural wood. Because of the orientation of the wood fibers, and the manner in which a tree increases in diameter as it grows, properties vary along three mutually perpendicular axes. It would be hard to overstate black walnuts popularity among woodworkers in the united states. Each has characteristics that those finish options will accentuate or disguise. Let me know if youve got something interesting that youd like to donate to the site. As a manufacturer of wood components, woodcraft industries believes there is a crucial need to educate our company, customers, and consumers in regard to naturally occurring wood characteristics.

Mdf is made from wood fibers that are glued together with heat and pressure. The effects of manufacturing and service environ ments on mechanical properties are discussed, and their effects on clear wood and material containing growth. This organic material made from natural cellulose fibers is found in their roots and stems, growing upward all the way to the tops of their canopy. Additional information on wood properties and characteristics is given in references listed at the end of this chapter. Mdf is easily recognizable in your local home improvement store as it comes in packs. Material quality of the paulownia wood is very special and perfect for wide range of applications.